Articles
Clear explanations of your rights as a patient, health insurance (CAS/CNAS) and how to navigate Romanian medical bureaucracy.
Administrative and patient-rights information — not medical advice. For diagnosis or treatment, see a doctor. In an emergency, call 112.
- Patient rights
A second medical opinion: it's your right and how to ask for it
A second medical opinion is a legal right (Legea 46/2003, the patient rights law). Learn how to ask for one, whether CAS covers it, and how to get your file to take to another specialist.
- Care guide
Free blood tests through CAS: coverage and waiting
Blood tests are free through CAS (national health insurance) with a referral from a doctor, at contracted laboratories. See what's covered and why the queues appear.
- Patient rights
What you should NOT pay for or bring on hospital admission
As an insured patient in a state hospital, the medicines and investigations in the protocol are free. See what you should NOT pay for and what to bring correctly.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Leave to care for a sick child: how many days, how much
Paid leave to care for a sick child up to age 7 (18 if disabled), with an 85% benefit. See how many days a year you are entitled to and the conditions.
- Patient rights
How to get a copy of your observation chart (medical record)
The hospital is required to give you, on written request, a copy of your observation chart and medical record. See the deadline, the cost, and what to do if refused.
- Patient rights
Patient rights in Romania, explained for everyone
Law 46/2003 guarantees you the right to information, consent, a second opinion, confidentiality and access to your record. See what you can request and where to complain.
- Patient rights
Disability degree: what rights and allowances you receive
What you get with a severe, accentuated, moderate or mild disability degree: monthly allowance, complementary budget, personal assistant and exemptions. How to claim your rights.
- How the system works
Registering with a family doctor: documents needed, step by step
Documents needed to register with a family doctor: ID document, proof of insured status and the registration request. A step-by-step guide, including for children.
- How the system works
Cluj's medical deserts: where specialists are missing
85 of Cluj county's 104 localities have at most 2 doctors, and paediatrics exists in just 8. See where specialists are missing in Cluj.
- How the system works
What to do if a family doctor refuses to register you
A family doctor can refuse registration only if the list is full, not arbitrarily. See your rights, the documents needed and how to complain to CAS.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Subsidised medicines for pensioners: who gets 90%
Pensioners with income below a ceiling get 90% coverage on sublist B, otherwise 50%. See sublists A, B, C and the reference-price trap.
- How the system works
Cluj county doctors in figures: how many there are and where
How many doctors are in Cluj county? The College of Physicians register shows 5,832 doctors in 104 localities, of whom 63.5% practise in Cluj-Napoca.
- How the system works
How many Cluj county doctors speak Hungarian or English
About 273 doctors in Cluj county probably speak Hungarian and 39 have English confirmed. See the figures and how to filter doctors by language.
- Patient rights
How to file a complaint against a doctor or hospital
Who handles your complaint: the Colegiul Medicilor (College of Physicians), DSP, CAS, ANSPDCP, or the courts. See what to report to each and how to write a complaint correctly.
- Care guide
Free psychologist and psychiatrist through CAS: how to reach them
A psychiatrist is a doctor and can be seen for free through CAS, including at the Centrul de Sănătate Mintală (Mental Health Centre). See when you need a referral and the private costs.
- How the system works
Which medical specialties have the most doctors in Cluj
Which specialties have the most doctors in Cluj? Family medicine leads with 677, followed by intensive care, internal medicine, and paediatrics. See the top 12.
- How the system works
Medical certificate for employment, driving licence or school
A certificate from your family doctor, a fitness-for-work form from occupational medicine, or a driving certificate? Which document you need for employment, school and a driving licence.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Referral 2026: when you need one and when you DON'T
A referral is valid for 30 days for acute conditions and 90 for chronic ones. See when you need one to see a specialist and when you have direct access, without a referral.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
The European Health Insurance Card: how to get it free in 2026
The European Health Insurance Card (CEASS) is free and covers necessary care in the EU, EEA and Switzerland. See how to request it online from CNAS in 2026.
- Patient rights
Disability certificate for adults: documents, board, steps 2026
The steps for the adult disability certificate in 2026: the complete file of documents, the CEPAH assessment board, the 60-day deadline and how to appeal the decision.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Medical leave 2026: how many days, how much you get, who pays
From 1 February 2026, the first day of medical leave is no longer paid, with exceptions. See how many days you get, how the benefit is calculated, and who bears the cost.
- Care guide
Child has a high fever: on-call room, ER (UPU) or pediatrician?
When your child has a fever, go to the family doctor or pediatrician during opening hours, to the on-call room or ER (UPU) outside them. And call 112 for real emergencies.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
How to pay CASS yourself if you have no job in 2026
If you have no income, you can pay CASS yourself through a Single Declaration at ANAF and stay insured. See the rate, the calculation base, and the concrete steps in 2026.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Are you covered by health insurance? How to check online in 2 minutes
Check your insured status at CNAS for free, online, with your personal numeric code (CNP), in 2 minutes. See what insured, uninsured and co-insured mean and what to do if it's wrong.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Subsidised and free prescriptions: what you actually pay at the pharmacy
Reimbursement is 50%, 90%, or 100% depending on the sublist. Pensioners get 90% on sublist B up to an income cap. Watch out for the reference price: you may pay a difference.
- How the system works
Free MRI and CT through CAS: how to get the referral and how long you wait
MRI and CT are free through CAS with a referral from a specialist, at contracted providers. See how to get the referral and why the queues appear.
- How the system works
How to change your family doctor: documents, request, steps
You can freely change your family doctor 6 months after enrolling, or sooner with a valid reason. See what documents you need and the steps to follow.
- Insurance & bureaucracy
Which specialists you can see directly, without a referral
A situation-by-situation guide: when you can go straight to a specialist without a referral from your family doctor and the visit is still covered by CAS.
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